[Effect of different cleaning methods on bond strength and surface wettability of high translucency zirconia].

PURPOSE: To study the effect of different cleaning methods on the shear bond strength of self-adhesive resin cement to saliva-contaminated high translucency zirconia and surface wettability. METHODS: Eighty zirconia specimens were randomly divided into 5 groups (n=16), i.e., control group(not contaminated), 75% ethanol group,cleaning paste group,airborne-particle abrasion group, and atmospheric pressure cold plasma group. The contact angles was measured, shear bond strength were examined, and fracture types were determined. SPSS 26.0 software package was used for statistical analysis of the data. RESULTS: The atmospheric pressure cold plasma group produced the lowest contact angle(P＜0.05). The shear bond strength of the airborne-particle abrasion group, the cleaning paste group and the atmospheric pressure cold plasma group respectively were similar to the control group without significant difference(P＞0.05), while those were significantly higher than 75% ethanol group(P＜0.05). The mixed fracture mode of the atmospheric pressure cold plasma group evidently increased. CONCLUSIONS: Airborne-particle abrasion, cleaning paste and atmospheric pressure cold plasma overcome the effects of saliva contamination, producing the shear bond strength to zirconia similar to the control group. The atmospheric pressure cold plasma improves hydrophilicity of high translucency zirconia significantly.

A benzimidazole-appended double-armed salamo type fluorescence and colorimetric bifunctional sensor for identification of MnO4- and its applications in actual water samples.

The symmetrically double-armed salamo type fluorescent sensor BMS, incorporating benzimidazole units, was designed and synthesized. Showcasing remarkable specificity and responsiveness to MnO4- within a DMSO:H2O (V/V = 9:1, pH = 7.2) Tris-HCl buffer medium, it enabled dual-channel detection of MnO4- through fluorescent and colorimetric changes. Critical experimental parameters, including detection and quantification thresholds (LOD and LOQ) along with binding affinity constants (Ka), were calculated using the Origin software. A rational interaction mechanism between BMS and MnO4- was deduced, based on fluorescence titration, Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS), Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Infrared Spectroscopy (IR), Stern-Volmer plots, and Density Functional Theory (DFT) computations. Additionally, the sensor BMS was applied to monitor MnO4- in real water samples. Advancing its practical utility, BMS was fabricated into test strips for the selective detecting of MnO4-.

An unusual highly sensitive dual-channel bis(salamo)-like chemical probe for recognizing B4O72-, sensing mechanism, theoretical calculations and practical applications.

A bis(salamo)-like chemical sensor H3L ((1E,3E)-2-hydroxy-5-methylisophthalaldehyde O,O -di(3-((((E)-(2-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)methylene)amino)oxy)propyl) dioxime) was constructed. H3L is capable of recognizing B4O72- in H2O/DMF (1:9, v/v) solution by both fluorescent and colorimetric channels, bright green fluorescence was turned on when B4O72- was added to H3L and changed from colorless to yellow in natural light. The detection limit was 3.21 × 10-8 M. The identification has good anti-interfering ability, quickly responsive time (5 S) and broad pH detecting range (pH = 5-12). The mechanism of action was determined by 1H NMR titration, infrared spectrometry, HRMS spectra and further elucidated by theory calculations. The fluorescence imaging of bean sprouts and spiked recovery assays of actual water samples demonstrated the practical use of sensor H3L for the detection of B4O72-, which is expected to have applications for the detection of B4O72- in plants and the environment.

LncRNA XIST promotes bladder cancer progression by modulating miR-129-5p/TNFSF10 axis.

BACKGROUND: The differential expression, biological function, and ceRNA regulatory mechanism of lncRNA XIST in bladder cancer (BC) were investigated, and its clinical values for the early diagnosis of bladder cancer patients were elucidated. METHODS: qRT-PCR was employed to detect the expression patterns of lncRNA XIST, miR-129-5p and TNFSF10. The biological functions were measured by CCK8 assay, wound healing assay and transwell assay. Bioinformatics analysis and Dual-Luciferase reporter assay were employed to evaluate the interactions between the lncRNA XIST, miR-129-5p and TNFSF10. RESULTS: LncRNA XIST and TNFSF10 were highly expressed and miR-129-5p was low expressed (P < 0.05) in bladder cancer cell line. The depletion of lncRNA XIST inhibited BC proliferation, migration and invasion. Mechanistically, lncRNA XIST could sponge miR-129-5p to regulate TNFSF10 expression in bladder cancer. Furthermore, compared with adjacent tissues, lncRNA XIST and miR-129-5p were lowly expressed (P < 0.01) in bladder cancer tissues, and TNFSF10 was highly expressed (P < 0.001). miR-129-5p and TNFSF10 were associated with the risk of bladder cancer (P < 0.05); the difference in AUC values for the diagnosis of bladder cancer by lncRNA XIST (AUC = 0.739), miR-129-5p (AUC = 0.850) and TNFSF10 (AUC = 0.753) was statistically significant (P < 0.01), and the three genes combined AUC was 0.900, 95%CI was 0.842-0.958 with a sensitivity of 83.3% and specificity of 86.7%. CONCLUSION: XIST, an elevated lncRNA in bladder cancer, inhibition of which could suppress the progression of BC. LncRNA XIST and miR-129-5p could form ceRNA to regulate the expression of TNFSF10.

Knockout of TGF-ß receptor II by CRISPR/Cas9 delays mesenchymal transition of Lens epithelium and posterior capsule opacification.

Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) is the most common postoperative complication of cataract surgery. Transforming growth factor-ß (TGF-ß) is related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of lens epithelial cells (LECs) that is proven to induce PCO formation in clinical and experimental studies. In this study, CRISPR sequences targeting exon of TGF-ßRII were knocked out with lentiviral transfection in LECs. Rabbits' PCO model was established and recombinant adeno-associated virus (AAV) for transferring the gRNA of TGF ßRII were intravitreally injected. SgRNA inhibited TGF-ßRII expression and human LECs proliferation. In TGF-ßRII knockout group, LECs motility and migration were suppressed, N-cadherin and vimentin expressions were significantly decreased, whereas E-cadherin was increased. The animal model showed that TGF-ßRII knockout in vivo was effective in suppressing PCO. The current study suggested that the CRISPR/Cas9 endonuclease system could suppress TGF-ßRII secretion, which participates in the EMT procedure of LECs in vitro and PCO in vivo. These findings might provide a new gene-editing approach and insight into a novel therapeutic strategy for PCO.

A unique N-heterocyclic oligo(N,O-donor) salamo-Ni(II)-based probe for highly selective fluorescence detection of Cr2O72.

A unique fluorescent probe Ni-DAS was developed by a nitrogenous heterocyclic oligo(N,O-donor) salamo-based compound DAS. DAS exhibits AIE and ESIPT effects which are extremely infrequent in salamo-based multi-oxime compounds. In addition, Ni-DAS can be used as a fluorescent probe with high selectivity and sensitivity to recognize Cr2O72- in DMF with 80 % water content, which enhances the value of the probe for application in real environments, and outperforms most similar molecular fluorescence probes. The probe Ni-DAS can recognize Cr2O72- by oxidative hydrolysis of C = N bonds, which promotes further research on theory of C = N bond hydrolysis, and the binding ratio and recognition mechanism were verified and supported by relevant theoretical calculations (DFT & MESP). The experiments showed that the probe Ni-DAS can be used for ion detection in real environments. It provides a new strategy for the oxidative hydrolysis of C = N bond and the structure of salamo-based compounds with AIE nature, and offers new ideas for study ion recognition and acidity detection.

Relationship between body composition and pulmonary function in the general population-a cross-sectional study in Ningxia.

Studies considering the relationship between non-obesity-related body composition and lung function are few; therefore, this study aimed to explore these correlations and effects. This cross-sectional study conducted in rural Qingtongxia City and Pingluo County, Ningxia, China, included 776 participants aged 30-75 years. Body composition and lung function were measured using direct segmental multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis and a digital spirometer, respectively. Their correlation was assessed using partial correlation analysis, controlling for age and smoking status, and the body composition effect on lung function was analyzed using binomial logistic regression analysis. The body components total body water content, protein content, mineral content, muscle mass, fat-free mass (FFM), skeletal muscle mass, basal metabolic volume, and chest circumference (CC) positively correlated with pulmonary function (forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in one second) in both sexes. Neck circumference and hip circumference positively correlated with pulmonary function in women. Additionally, lung function declines more slowly in women (odds ratio [OR] = 0.66, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.44-0.98, p = 0.04); CC (OR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.86-0.98, p = 0.01) increased as a protective factor for decreased lung function. Increased waist circumference (OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.00-1.09, p = 0.04) was a risk factor for reduced lung function. FFM contains body composition indicators positively correlating with lung function, excluding fat-related body composition. Abdominal obesity increases the risk of decreased lung function.

Synovial sarcoma in the prevertebral space can mimic malignant neurogenic neoplasm: Case report and literature review.

Synovial sarcoma, a rare malignant neoplasm with a poor prognosis, accounts for approximately 5%-10% of all primary soft-tissue malignancies worldwide. Typically affecting adolescents and young adults, it primarily manifests near the joints of the lower extremities. This study aimed to demonstrate that this tumor can also affect the prevertebral space. A 32-year-old male patient presented at our outpatient clinic with a 2-month history of upper limb numbness and a 1-month complaint of palpable neck mass. Imaging studies revealed a bulky, lobulated, and heterogeneous mass exhibiting heterogeneous enhancement. Furthermore, the mass caused expansion of the neuroforamen in the neck, initially suggesting a diagnosis of malignant schwannoma. However, a histopathologic examination suggested synovial sarcoma. The article provided a comprehensive review of the clinical, pathological, and radiological features of this condition. Additionally, it explored current treatment options and prognoses by referencing relevant literature.

Refractive Lens Exchange Surgery in Early-Onset High Myopia Patients With Partial Cataract.

Purpose: By reporting clinical characteristics and retinal image quality before and after refractive lens replacement surgery in early-onset high myopia (eoHM) patients presenting with partial cataract, we emphasized the need for an objective way to grade the severity of partial cataracts. Methods: This retrospective, consecutive case series included six Chinese patients (nine eyes). Analysis of previous medical records, visual acuity, optometry, retinal image quality, and axial length (AXL) before surgery and after surgery was performed. Results: Five females and one male (nine eyes) with a mean (± SD) age of 11.6 ± 7.9 years (range: 4-25 years) were included in this study. The preoperative spherical power ranged from -7.5 to -42 D. The mean follow-up time was 36 months (range: 24-48 months). Phacoemulsification was followed by in-the-bag implantation of intraocular lens. For patients who were under 6 years old, posterior capsulotomy + anterior vitrectomy were performed simultaneously. All surgeries were uneventful and no postoperative complications occurred during the entire follow-up period. All patients' uncorrected visual acuity improved by ≥2 lines postoperatively(Snellen acuity). LogMAR best-corrected visual acuity was improved at 24-month (P = 0.042) and endpoint (P = 0.046) follow-ups. Modulation transfer function cutoff frequency (MTFcutoff) and objective scatter index (OSI) was significantly improved at 12-month (P = 0.025, P = 0.038), 24-month (P = 0.005, P = 0.007) and endpoint (P = 0.005, P = 0.008) follow-ups. Postoperative AXL remained stable during 2-4 year follow-ups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Refractive lens replacement surgery is safe and effective for improving functional vision in eoHM patients presenting with partial cataract. Retinal image quality could provide a useful and objective way to facilitate partial cataract severity evaluation and surgery decision making.

LncRNA-mediated effects of vitrification temperatures and cryoprotectant concentrations on bovine oocyte development following vitrification at the GV stage.

We evaluated the effects of different vitrification temperatures (VTs) and cryoprotective agent concentrations (CPAs) on the viability and expressions of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in bovine oocytes following vitrification at the germinal vesicle (GV) stage. Our findings provide a theoretical support for improvement of the cryopreservation technology of bovine immature oocytes (BIOs). Bovine cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) were collected and randomized into five groups: fresh oocytes (control), oocytes vitrified in liquid helium (LHe; -269 °C) with 5.6 M CPAs (LHe 5.6 M), oocytes vitrified in LHe with 6.6 M CPAs (LHe 6.6 M), oocytes vitrified in liquid nitrogen (LN; -196 °C) with 5.6 M CPAs (LN 5.6 M), and oocytes vitrified in LN with 6.6 M CPAs (LN 6.6 M). Of the four vitrification groups, the LHe 5.6 M group exhibited the highest blastocyst rate (13.22%), followed by the LHe 6.6 M group (10.19%) and LN 6.6 M group (9.77%), while the LN 5.6 M group had the lowest blastocyst rate (1.87%). Then, lncRNA expressions in the five groups were profiled. A total of 18,271 lncRNAs were identified, of which 2,158 were differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs) in the vitrified groups, compared to the fresh group (P < 0.05; fold-change > 2). Co-location (cis) and co-expression (trans) prediction revealed 14 differentially expressed target genes (DETGs), which corresponded to 17 DELs. Based on grouping data and expression profiles of the DELs, we demonstrated that different VTs (-269 °C vs. -196 °C) can affect the expressions of MSTRG.12295.5, MSTRG.37123.1, MSTRG.37930.2, MSTRG.40464.9, MSTRG.8869.3 and MSTRG.26680.6. Expressions of these lncRNAs were affected by CPAs only in the condition of vitrification with LHe (-269 °C). Expressions of MSTRG.35129.6 were associated with exposures to both VTs and CPAs; while expressions of MSTRG.3578.3, MSTRG.40576.3, MSTRG.6723.5, MSTRG.32862.4, MSTRG.1184.4, MSTRG.33110.3, MSTRG.40454.2, MSTRG.41073.2, MSTRG.44732.4 and MSTRG.6729.3 might be related to vitrification. Co-expression analysis showed that MSTRG.12295.5, MSTRG.37930.2, MSTRG.40454.2, MSTRG.8869.3 and MSTRG.6723.5 expressions affect oocyte development after vitrification by regulating target gene expressions. Taken together, improvement of the developmental ability of BIOs after LHe vitrification maybe attributed to changes in expressions of some lncRNAs. Our findings elucidate on the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of BIOs under different VTs and CPAs.

SMC1A regulated by KIAA1429 in m6A-independent manner promotes EMT progress in breast cancer.

As a component of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) "writers," KIAA1429 was reported to promote breast cancer proliferation and growth in m6A-independent manners. However, the related mechanism of KIAA1429 in breast cancer metastasis has not been reported. In the present study, we found KIAA1429 could significantly promote the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells. Then we demonstrated that knockdown of KIAA1429 could impede breast cancer metastasis in nude mice in vivo. The level of SNAIL expression and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) progress was positively related with KIAA1429. Furthermore, we confirmed that the suppression of cell migration, invasion, and EMT progress by knockdown of KIAA1429 could be reversed by the upregulation of SNAIL. However, structural maintenance of chromosomes 1A (SMC1A), not KIAA1429, bound with the SNAIL promoter region directly and promoted the transcription of SNAIL. Then we confirmed that KIAA1429 could bind to the motif in the 3' UTR of SMC1A mRNA directly and enhance SMC1A mRNA stability. In conclusion, our study revealed a novel mechanism of the KIAA1429/SMC1A/SNAIL axis in the regulation of metastasis of breast cancer. Moreover, it first provided detailed investigation of how KIAA1429 regulated the targeted gene expression at posttranscriptional levels as an RNA binding protein unrelated to its m6A modification.

MicroRNA-214 promotes alveolarization in neonatal rat models of bronchopulmonary dysplasia via the PlGF-dependent STAT3 pathway.

BACKGROUND: Recently, the role of several microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) in pulmonary diseases has been described. The molecular mechanisms by which miR-214 is possibly implicated in bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) have not yet been addressed. Hence, this study aimed to investigate a putative role of miR-214 in alveolarization among preterm neonates with BPD. METHODS: Microarray-based gene expression profiling data from BPD was employed to identify differentially expressed genes. A BPD neonatal rat model was induced by hyperoxia. Pulmonary epithelial cells were isolated from rats and exposed to hyperoxia to establish cell injury models. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments were performed in BPD neonatal rats and hyperoxic pulmonary epithelial cells. MiR-214 and PlGF expression in BPD neonatal rats, and eNOS, Bcl-2, c-myc, Survivin, α-SMA and E-cadherin expression in hyperoxic pulmonary epithelial cells were measured using RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis. The interaction between PlGF and miR-214 was identified using dual luciferase reporter gene and RIP assays. IL-1ß, TNF-a, IL-6, ICAM-1 and Flt-1 expression in the rat models was measured using ELISA. RESULTS: The lung tissues of neonatal rats with BPD showed decreased miR-214 expression with elevated PlGF expression. PlGF was found to be a target of miR-214, whereby miR-214 downregulated PlGF to inactivate the STAT3 pathway. miR-214 overexpression or PlGF silencing decreased the apoptosis of hyperoxic pulmonary epithelial cells in vitro and restored alveolarization in BPD neonatal rats. CONCLUSION: Overall, the results demonstrated that miR-214 could facilitate alveolarization in preterm neonates with BPD by suppressing the PlGF-dependent STAT3 pathway.

Supplementation with asiatic acid during in vitro maturation improves porcine oocyte developmental competence by regulating oxidative stress.

Asiatic acid is a natural triterpene found in Centella asiatica that acts as an effective free radical scavenger. Our previous research showed that asiatic acid delayed porcine oocyte ageing in vitro and improved preimplantation embryo development competence in vitro; however, the protective effects of asiatic acid against oxidative stress in porcine oocyte maturation are still unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of asiatic acid on porcine oocyte in vitro maturation (IVM) and subsequent embryonic development competence after parthenogenetic activation (PA) and in vitro fertilization (IVF). The results of the present research showed that 10 µM asiatic acid supplementation did not affect the expansion of cumulus cells or polar body extrusion of porcine oocytes, while asiatic acid application significantly increased the subsequent blastocyst formation rate and quality of porcine PA and IVF embryos. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a reactive oxygen species (ROS) that induces oxidative stress in porcine oocytes. As expected, asiatic acid supplementation not only decreased intracellular ROS levels but also attenuated H2O2-induced intracellular ROS generation. Further analysis revealed that asiatic acid supplementation enhanced intracellular glutathione production, mitochondrial membrane potential, and ATP generation at the end of IVM. In summary, our results reveal that asiatic acid supplementation exerts beneficial effects on porcine oocytes by regulating oxidative stress during the IVM process and could act as a potential antioxidant in porcine oocytes matured in vitro production systems.

Reference values of skeletal muscle mass, fat mass and fat-to-muscle ratio for rural middle age and older adults in western China.

BACKGROUND: Skeletal muscle mass (SMM), fat mass (FM) and fat-to-muscle ratio (FMR) are significant indicators in epidemiology studies and clinical settings. The aim of this study was to establish age-related and sex-specific reference values for skeletal muscle mass index (SMMI), fat mass index (FMI) and FMR by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) for healthy rural adults in western China. METHODS: This study is a cross-sectional study from Ningxia cohort study, included 13,790 individuals aged 35 to 74 years. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) was performed to measure body composition. Lambda-mu-sigma method was used to establish age-related and sex-specific percentile curves for SMMI, FMI and FMR. RESULTS: Overall, men had higher SMMI, but lower FMI and FMR than women for all ages. The SMMI decreased rapidly with age for men and women after 55 years and 45 years, respectively. FMI in men remain stable until 70 years; women's FMI showed a rapidly increasing after 50 years. The FMR increased consistently after 35 years for both men and women. These age-related and sex-specific reference values were established with the mean ± SD as the normal reference range. CONCLUSIONS: These reference values could be used as simple tools to identify age-specific low SMMI or high FMI and facilitate earlier identification sarcopenia or sarcopenic obesity in rural Chinese adults.

Temperature-Dependent Tunneling in Furan Oligomer Single-Molecule Junctions.

Two commonly observed charge transport mechanisms in single-molecule junctions are coherent tunneling and incoherent hopping. It has been generally believed that tunneling processes yield temperature-independent conductance behavior and hopping processes exhibit increasing conductance with increasing temperature. However, it has recently been proposed that tunneling can also yield temperature-dependent transport due to the thermal broadening of the Fermi energy of the contacts. In this work, we examine a series of rigid, planar furan oligomers that are free from a rotational internal degree of freedom to examine the temperature dependence of tunneling transport directly over a wide temperature range (78-300 K). Our results demonstrate conductance transition from a temperature-independent regime to a temperature-dependent regime. By examining various hopping and tunneling models and the correlation between the temperature dependence of conductance and molecular orbital energy offset from the Fermi level, we conclude thermally assisted tunneling is the dominant cause for the onset of temperature-dependent conductance in these systems.

High-flow nasal cannula versus nasal continuous positive airway pressure for respiratory support in preterm infants: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: As a noninvasive respiratory support mode, high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is widely used in preterm infants at neonatal care units. HFNC is often used as an alternative to nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) for initial or post-extubation respiratory support. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of HFNC and NCPAP for respiratory support in preterm infants.Methods: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, Clinicaltrials.gov, Controlled-trials.com, Google Scholar, VIP, and Wang Fang for articles from their inception to December 2018. All published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating and comparing the effects of HFNC and NCPAP therapy for primary respiratory support in newborns were included. All meta-analyses were performed using Review Manager 5.3.Results: In total, 21 RCTs involving 2886 preterm infants were included. The results of the meta-analysis revealed the following: (1) for primary respiratory support, the rates of treatment failure at trial entry were similar between HFNC and CPAP (relative risk 1.03, 95% confidence interval 0.79-1.33), and HFNC had reduced nasal trauma (p < .00001); and (2) for respiratory support after extubation, CPAP was associated with a lower likelihood of treatment failure than HFNC (relative risk 1.23, 95% confidence interval 1.01-1.50). The incidences of nasal trauma and pneumothorax in the HFNC group were significantly lower than that in the CPAP group (p < .0001 and p = .03). Serious adverse events did not significantly differ.Conclusions: HFNC had effects similar to those of CPAP regarding the failure of initial respiratory support in premature infants and was associated with reduced nasal trauma compared to CPAP. Following extubation, CPAP had fewer treatment failures than HFNC, but CPAP had a significantly increased rate of nasal trauma and pneumothorax. Further studies are needed to clarify the potential benefits of HFNC as primary respiratory support in extremely low birth weight or extremely preterm infants.

Asiatic acid protects oocytes against in vitro aging-induced deterioration and improves subsequent embryonic development in pigs.

As a pentacyclic triterpene in Centella asiatica, asiatic acid (AA) is a powerful antioxidant with many bioactivities. In the present research, we investigated whether AA has the potential to rescue the decrease in porcine oocyte quality that occurs during in vitro aging (IVA). Mature porcine oocytes were collected and then continuously cultured for an additional 24 h or 48 h with or without AA in maturation medium as an IVA model. The results revealed that AA supplementation reduced the percentage of abnormal aged porcine oocytes during IVA. Furthermore, AA supplementation effectively maintained aged porcine oocyte developmental competence, both parthenogenetic activation and in vitro fertilization. The number of sperm that bound to the zona pellucida on aged porcine oocytes was higher in the AA-supplemented group than in the non-supplemented group. Moreover, AA supplementation not only blocked IVA-induced oxidative stress but also maintained intracellular GSH levels and reduced the percentage of early apoptosis aged porcine oocytes. Mitochondrial functions were disordered during the IVA process. The intracellular ATP levels and mitochondrial membrane potential in aged porcine oocytes were dramatically increased by AA supplementation. Therefore, AA has beneficial effects on porcine oocyte quality and developmental potential maintenance during IVA.

Involvement of Hdac3-mediated inhibition of microRNA cluster 17-92 in bronchopulmonary dysplasia development.

BACKGROUND: The incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a chronic lung disease of newborns, has been paradoxically rising despite medical advances. Histone deacetylase 3 (Hdac3) has been reported to be a crucial regulator in alveologenesis. Hence, this study aims to investigate the mechanism of Hdac3 in the abnormal pulmonary angiogenesis and alveolarization of BPD. METHODS: A hyperoxia-induced BPD model of was developed in newborn mice, and primary lung fibroblasts were isolated from adult mice. Hdac3 was knocked out in vivo and knocked down in vitro, while microRNA (miR)-17 was downregulated in vivo and in vitro to clarify their roles in abnormal pulmonary angiogenesis and alveolarization. Mechanistic investigations were performed on the interplay of Hdac3, miR-17-92 cluster, enhancer of zeste homolog 1 (EZH1), p65 and placental growth factor (Pgf). RESULTS: Hdac3 was involved in abnormal alveolarization and angiogenesis in BPD mice. Further, the expression of the miR-17-92 cluster in BPD mice was downregulated by Hdac3. miR-17 was found to target EZH1, and Hdac3 rescued the inhibited EZH1 expression by miR-17 in lung fibroblasts. Additionally, EZH1 augmented Pgf expression by recruiting p65 thus enhancing the progression of BPD. Hdac3 augmented the recruitment of p65 in the Pgf promoter region through the miR-17/EZH1 axis, thus enhancing the transcription and expression of Pgf, which elicited abnormal angiogenesis and alveolarization of BPD mice. CONCLUSIONS: Altogether, the present study revealed that Hdac3 activated the EZH1-p65-Pgf axis through inhibiting miR-17 in the miR-17-92 cluster, leading to accelerated abnormal pulmonary angiogenesis and alveolarization of BPD mice.

Relationship between bovine oocytes developmental competence and mRNA expression of apoptotic and mitochondrial genes following the change of vitrification temperatures and cryoprotectant concentrations.

The present study analyzed the relationship between bovine oocytes developmental competence and mRNA expression of apoptotic and mitochondrial genes following the change of vitrification temperatures (VTs) and cryoprotectant agent concentrations (CPAs). Cumulus oocyte complexes were randomly divided into five groups: control, vitrified in liquid nitrogen (LN; -196 °C) with 5.6 M CPAs (LN 5.6 M), LN with 6.6 M CPAs (LN 6.6 M), liquid helium (LHe; -269 °C) with 5.6 M CPAs (LHe 5.6 M), and LHe with 6.6 M CPAs (LHe 6.6 M). After vitrification and warming, oocytes of vitrified and control groups were subjected to in vitro maturation (IVM), in vitro fertilization and in vitro culture. The blastocyst rate in LHe 5.6 M group was the highest among the four vitrified groups (13.7% vs. 9.4%, 1.3%, and 8.4%; P < 0.05). The mRNA expression level of 8 apoptotic- and 12 mitochondria-related genes were detected through qRT-PCR after IVM. Lower VT (LHe, -269 °C) positively affected the mRNA expression levels of apoptotic genes (BAD, BID, BTK, TP53, and TP53I3) and mitochondrial genes (COX6B1, DERA, FIS1, NDUFA1, NDUFA4, PRDX2, SLC25A5, TFB1M, and UQCRB), and reduced oxidative stress from freezing. Decreased CPAs (5.6 M) positively affected mRNA expression levels of apoptotic genes (BAD, BCL2A1, BID, and CASP3) in LHe vitrification but negatively affected apoptotic genes (BAD, BAX, BID, BTK, and BCL2A1) in LN vitrification. In conclusion, decreased VTs and CPAs in LHe vitrification may increase the blastocyst rate by changing the mRNA expression levels of these apoptotic and mitochondrial genes for the vitrified oocytes.